对二甲苯装置的设计优化和节能措施

对二甲苯是重要的石油化工基础原材料。在对二甲苯装置设计过程中,除需关注产品质量和经济效益外,还需注重技术路线的资源节约和环境友好优势。对二甲苯装置通过增设循环塔流程,减少约40%的C8环烷烃循环,提高二甲苯分馏单元和吸附分离单元的C8芳烃进料量和产品产量,减少公用工程损耗;异构化单元采用热高分工艺,降低了反应进料换热器热端温差,有效降低了装置的能耗;采用Axens单塔15床层技术,简化了装置流程,提高操作灵活性,同时可减少过程能量的损耗和投资费用;应用新一代的OparisMax型异构化催化剂、EM-1100型歧化催化剂和SPX-5003型吸附催化剂,提高装置反应空速和目标BTX产品选择性,降低反应氢烃比;低温热回收技术及热集成技术的应用,可提高装置能量利用率,降低装置单位产品的物耗能耗水平;装置流程的优化设计大大增强了装置的操作灵活性;减排设计减少了有毒物质的排放。     

含氮活性炭对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能研究

采用未改性的和氨化处理后的活性炭进行Cu2+的吸附平衡实验。考察了溶液p H、吸附温度对两种活性炭的吸附性能的影响。分别采用伪一次方动力学方程、伪二次方动力学方程考察了活性炭的吸附动力学行为。结果表明:经过氨化处理的活性炭能显著提高活性炭对Cu2+的吸附性能,这可能是由于活性炭表面的含氮官能团提高了活性炭的碱性造成的。     

High temperature Ir segregation in Ir–B ceramics: effect of oxygen presence on stability of IrB2 and other Ir–B phases

The formation of IrB₂, IrB_1.35, IrB_1.1 and IrB monoboride phases in the Ir–B ceramic nanopowder was confirmed during mechanochemical reaction between metallic Ir and elemental B powders. The Ir–B phases were analysed after 90 h of high energy ball milling and after annealing of the powder for 72 h at 1050°C in vacuo. The iridium monoboride (IrB) orthorhombic phase was synthesised experimentally for the first time and identified by powder X-ray diffraction. Additionally, the ReB₂ type IrB₂ hexagonal phase was also produced for the first time and identified by high resolution transmission electron microscope. Ir segregation along disordered domains of the boron lattice was found to occur during high temperature annealing. These nanodomains may have useful catalytic properties.     

连铸机二冷设计中喷嘴的选择和测试

从连铸机喷嘴的分类入手,对各种喷嘴的特性进行了简要说明并结合研究实践,对某板坯连铸机选用的D25型系列喷嘴的测试做了探讨,包括测试内容、测试结果以及高差对水喷嘴喷水量的影响情况等。